Many of the verbs that describe emotions follow a similar pattern.
Many verbs that describe a phyiscal or emotional sensation are followed by the affix -gusuk- or sometimes just -suk- :
Kuvia + suk + pit | |
Kuviasuven? | Are you happy? |
Kuviasuvunga | I am happy. |
Here are some other examples:
kanguk + suk | to feel embarrassed |
kangusuttuuk | The two of them are feeling embarrassed. |
iliga + suk | to feel shy |
iligasuven? | Are you feeling shy? |
kappia + suk | to be a afraid |
kappiasugami | because he is afraid |
nalli + gusuk | to feel love |
nalligusuvâ? | Is she in love? |
uppi + gusuk | to feel pride |
uppigusujok | They (2) are proud of something. |
imik + gusuk | to feel thirst |
imigusuvunga | I am thirsty |
Next, there is a more complex form of these verbs that takes a transitive verb ending to describe who or what is causing that emotion:
nalligijâtit | He loves you. |
kappiagijaga | I am afraid of it. |
uppigijanga | She is proud of him. |
When a transitive verb ending is used, the affix -suk- is dropped and the verb -gi- is added to the root verb to create a link between different people. Here are some other examples of this construction:
piu- | to be good; suitable; beautiful |
piugijân? | Do you like it? |
itsi- | to be afraid |
itsigijanga | He is afraid of her. |
ugguak- | to feel grief |
ugguagijânga? | Is she grieving for him? |
ajuunak- | to find something difficult |
ajunnagijân? | Do you find it difficult? |
mamak- | to taste good |
mamagijanga | He likes the taste of it. |
To express the above in the negative, the affix -ngit- is added just before the verb ending:
Kuvia + suk + ngit + lak | |
Kuviasungilak | She is not happy. |
nalli + gi + ngit + tanga | |
nalligingittanga | He does not love her. |
imigusungilanga | I am not thirsty. |
kangusungilatit | You are not shy. |
Kajuk piugingittaga | I am not enjoying the taste of the broth. |
The affix -tsuak- can also be added to verbs of emotion to empasize or exaggerate the feeling:
piu + gi + tsuak + jaga | |
piugitsuajaga | I like it very much. |
ugguak + gi + tsuak + laut + tanga | |
ugguagitsualauttanga | He grieved deeply for her. |